Cervical cancer: Symptoms & Treatments
Symptoms
Let's look at the clinical symptoms of cervical cancer. Screening is very important because early cervical cancer is mostly asymptomatic. The most common symptom is irregular or heavy vaginal bleeding or postcoital bleeding. However, vaginal discharge may cause nonspecific symptoms such as vaginal discharge. Therefore, it is very important for the gynecologist to have a cervical examination when it complains.
Screening of cervical cancer is done by cervical cytology, ie, cervical cytology, also called PAP smear. Colposcopy may be performed according to the results of this test, and colposcopy directed biopsy may be performed to diagnose cervical cancer.
Treatment
In the case of cervical cancer IA1, it may be considered an early cervical cancer. The first case of uterine cervical cancer is known as early cervical cancer. The treatment modalities are various, mainly modified radical hysterectomy as definitive surgery, fertility-sparing surgery may be performed if pregnancy is desired, and primary radiation Therapy may be performed. These methods of treatment are determined by tumor factors and patient factors.
Early stage cervical cancer is defined more precisely from stage IA to stage IB1 as early stage cervical cancer. The stagine of cervical cancer uses clinical staging, not surgical staging, but these stages do not reflect lymph node involvement.
As described above, radical hysterectomy is performed as the surgical treatment method. In case of stage IA2, class 2 hysterectomy is mainly performed. Class 2 hysterectomy is a modified radical hysterectomy that cuts the upper 1/4, parametria of the uterus, cervix, and vagina. Pelvic lympadenectomy is also performed when radical hysterectomy is performed. If suspected to have metastasized to the pelvic nodes, paraaortic lymphadenectomy is also performed. Although ovarian metastasis is rare in cervical cancer, it is more prevalent in squamous cell carcinoma than in adenocarcinoma. Therefore, patients with squamous histology usually preserve the ovary, and in adenocarcinoma, ovariectomy is more common.
If the patient's stage is determined as IB1, radical hysterectomy is performed, but class 3 hysterectomy is performed. This is an operation to resect the upper half of the vagina, unlike in class 2. Conversely, conization may be performed in a slightly earlier stage, and fertility-sparing surgery may be performed instead of radical hysterectomy if pregnancy is desired.
Let's look at the clinical symptoms of cervical cancer. Screening is very important because early cervical cancer is mostly asymptomatic. The most common symptom is irregular or heavy vaginal bleeding or postcoital bleeding. However, vaginal discharge may cause nonspecific symptoms such as vaginal discharge. Therefore, it is very important for the gynecologist to have a cervical examination when it complains.
Screening of cervical cancer is done by cervical cytology, ie, cervical cytology, also called PAP smear. Colposcopy may be performed according to the results of this test, and colposcopy directed biopsy may be performed to diagnose cervical cancer.
Treatment
In the case of cervical cancer IA1, it may be considered an early cervical cancer. The first case of uterine cervical cancer is known as early cervical cancer. The treatment modalities are various, mainly modified radical hysterectomy as definitive surgery, fertility-sparing surgery may be performed if pregnancy is desired, and primary radiation Therapy may be performed. These methods of treatment are determined by tumor factors and patient factors.
Early stage cervical cancer is defined more precisely from stage IA to stage IB1 as early stage cervical cancer. The stagine of cervical cancer uses clinical staging, not surgical staging, but these stages do not reflect lymph node involvement.
As described above, radical hysterectomy is performed as the surgical treatment method. In case of stage IA2, class 2 hysterectomy is mainly performed. Class 2 hysterectomy is a modified radical hysterectomy that cuts the upper 1/4, parametria of the uterus, cervix, and vagina. Pelvic lympadenectomy is also performed when radical hysterectomy is performed. If suspected to have metastasized to the pelvic nodes, paraaortic lymphadenectomy is also performed. Although ovarian metastasis is rare in cervical cancer, it is more prevalent in squamous cell carcinoma than in adenocarcinoma. Therefore, patients with squamous histology usually preserve the ovary, and in adenocarcinoma, ovariectomy is more common.
If the patient's stage is determined as IB1, radical hysterectomy is performed, but class 3 hysterectomy is performed. This is an operation to resect the upper half of the vagina, unlike in class 2. Conversely, conization may be performed in a slightly earlier stage, and fertility-sparing surgery may be performed instead of radical hysterectomy if pregnancy is desired.
