Respiratory distress syndrome(RDS): Symptoms, Diagnosis, Pathogenesis & Treatments
Diagnosis RDS is more prevalent with less maturity of the lung, so the shorter the gestational age and the smaller the birth weight, the higher the incidence. It is rarely seen in about 2% of all births, 60 ~ 80% at gestational age of less than 28 weeks, 15 ~ 30% at 32 ~ 36 weeks, 5% after 37 weeks and less than 1% at over 39 weeks. By weight, the incidence is 30-40% in very low birth weight infants less than 1500 g. There is no way to differentiate between hyaline membrane disease and surfactant after the administration of Surfactant, so it is difficult to make an accurate diagnosis, but it is likely that the HMD was mild or normal because the HMD was not seen in the initial chest x-ray photograph . Pathogenesis The pathophysiology of RDS can be summarized as follows. (1) Inhalation due to lack of surfactant; (2) Lack of air exchange in the alveoli, resulting in hypoxemia, hypercapnia, increased acidity, decreased resistance of lung compliance, decreased FRV, Physiological disturb...