Ventricular septal defect(VSD): Symptoms, Diagnosis, Complications & Treatments
Ventricular septal defect (VSD) is one of the most common congenital heart malformations. It may be present as a single anomaly but may be accompanied by other congenital cardiac anomalies. It is divided into Perimembranous, Muscular, and Subarterial type. Perimembranous type is the most common type (70%). Subarterial type is indications for surgical treatment regardless of defect size. Because defects appear near the LVOT, they can cause aortic valve prolapse and ultimately cause aortic regurgitation. The clinical manifestations of VSD depend on the size of the defect and the pulmonary blood flow. However, in moderate to large VSD, symptoms such as tachypnea, poor oral intake, poor weight gain, and tachycardia are present. In moderate to large VSDs, murmurs can also be heard. Low-pitched pansystolic murmur may appear at the lesion site and mid-diastolic rumbling murmur may appear at apex. Also, as blood flow to the pulmonary blood vessels increases, the size of P2 increases. LV hy...