Burkitt's lymphoma: Symptoms & Diagnosis
Symptoms
Burkitt lymphoma is a very aggressive B cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma characterized by endemic, epidemic (sporadic), immunodeficiency-associated ) Can be classified into three. It is known that genetic causes caused by translocation and deregulation of c-MYC gene on chromosome 8 are closely related to Epstein-Barr virus infection. The prognosis is good because it is a lymphoma with a good response to chemotherapy. Patients with Burkitt lymphoma have a very rapid rate of tumor growth and spontaneous tumor lysis. Therefore, serum levels of lactate dehydrogenase and uric acid levels are rising.
There were three epidemiological classifications of Burkitt lymphomas, with distinct clinical manifestations in each group. First, endemic type tumors are usually found in the jaw or facial bones. Tumor is rarely the first occurrence in the abdomen. Primary tumors of the facial nerve can be transferred to mesentery, ovary, testis, kidney, breast, meninges, and the like. Primary tumors in the distal lymph node, mediastinum, and spleen are rare. Sporadic type, in contrast to endemic type, is mainly found in the abdomen. In this case, serious diseases such as Distal ileum, stomach, cecum, mesentery, kidney, bone marrow, and CNS are frequently accompanied by ascites. And gastrointestinal obstruction and hemorrhage, and differential diagnosis between acute appendicitis and intussusception is necessary. If the bone marrow or CNS occurs, the treatment is not good and the recurrence is good. Finally, immunodeficiency-associated types present symptoms and signs of underlying disease such as AIDS, congenital immunodeficiency, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, or immunodeficiency due to solid organ transplants. Unlike the other two types, the incidence is high in lymph nodes, bone marrow, and central nervous system.
Diagnosis
Burkitt lymphoma can be diagnosed mainly by histopathologic findings. Monomorphic, medium-sized cell with basophilic cytoplasm. Because Burkitt lymphoma is also associated with c-MYC mutation in chromosome 8, cytogenetic analysis is also used. In immunohistochemistry, tumor cells are characterized by malignant B-cells, and therefore, tumor cells can be detected with markers such as B cell differentiation (CD20, CD22, CD19), CD10 and BCL, Of KI-67 +.
Burkitt lymphoma is a very aggressive B cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma characterized by endemic, epidemic (sporadic), immunodeficiency-associated ) Can be classified into three. It is known that genetic causes caused by translocation and deregulation of c-MYC gene on chromosome 8 are closely related to Epstein-Barr virus infection. The prognosis is good because it is a lymphoma with a good response to chemotherapy. Patients with Burkitt lymphoma have a very rapid rate of tumor growth and spontaneous tumor lysis. Therefore, serum levels of lactate dehydrogenase and uric acid levels are rising.
There were three epidemiological classifications of Burkitt lymphomas, with distinct clinical manifestations in each group. First, endemic type tumors are usually found in the jaw or facial bones. Tumor is rarely the first occurrence in the abdomen. Primary tumors of the facial nerve can be transferred to mesentery, ovary, testis, kidney, breast, meninges, and the like. Primary tumors in the distal lymph node, mediastinum, and spleen are rare. Sporadic type, in contrast to endemic type, is mainly found in the abdomen. In this case, serious diseases such as Distal ileum, stomach, cecum, mesentery, kidney, bone marrow, and CNS are frequently accompanied by ascites. And gastrointestinal obstruction and hemorrhage, and differential diagnosis between acute appendicitis and intussusception is necessary. If the bone marrow or CNS occurs, the treatment is not good and the recurrence is good. Finally, immunodeficiency-associated types present symptoms and signs of underlying disease such as AIDS, congenital immunodeficiency, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, or immunodeficiency due to solid organ transplants. Unlike the other two types, the incidence is high in lymph nodes, bone marrow, and central nervous system.
Diagnosis
Burkitt lymphoma can be diagnosed mainly by histopathologic findings. Monomorphic, medium-sized cell with basophilic cytoplasm. Because Burkitt lymphoma is also associated with c-MYC mutation in chromosome 8, cytogenetic analysis is also used. In immunohistochemistry, tumor cells are characterized by malignant B-cells, and therefore, tumor cells can be detected with markers such as B cell differentiation (CD20, CD22, CD19), CD10 and BCL, Of KI-67 +.
