Bronchiolitis: Symptoms & Treatments
Symptoms
Bronchiolitis is an inflammation of the bronchiole, which is a clinical symptom of lower respiratory tract infection, dyspnea and wheezing or rale following viral upper respiratory infections in infants under 2 years of age. Occlusive occlusion may cause overexcessing of the lungs and hypoxia (SaO2 <95), accompanied by pharyngitis and acute otitis media. Severe infants can have cyanosis due to difficulty breathing, and even wheezing can become inaudible if the airway is completely blocked. The most common causative organism is RSV, but there are viruses such as metapneumovirus, parainfluenza, and adenovirus, and bacteria such as chlamydia and tuberculosis. Patients with severe symptoms (persistent dyspnea, SpO2 <95%, acute respiratory failure, unable to eat, shrinking, and needing water replenishment) require inpatient treatment.
Diagnosis is suspected when the infant under 2 years of age is healthy but wheezing is present for the first time. Hyperinflation on x-ray may be suspicious.
Treatments
When treated in hospital, O2 supplies and supplies fluid, and removes foreign matter in the airways. Bronchodilator, corticosteroids, montelukast (LTRB), Nebulized hypertonic saline, and antibacterial therapy are still controversial. We do not recommend using it all in a routine yet. Antiviral agents such as ribavirin can be used in cases of severe respiratory distress due to respiratory therapy or in the presence of other serious diseases.
Bronchiolitis is an inflammation of the bronchiole, which is a clinical symptom of lower respiratory tract infection, dyspnea and wheezing or rale following viral upper respiratory infections in infants under 2 years of age. Occlusive occlusion may cause overexcessing of the lungs and hypoxia (SaO2 <95), accompanied by pharyngitis and acute otitis media. Severe infants can have cyanosis due to difficulty breathing, and even wheezing can become inaudible if the airway is completely blocked. The most common causative organism is RSV, but there are viruses such as metapneumovirus, parainfluenza, and adenovirus, and bacteria such as chlamydia and tuberculosis. Patients with severe symptoms (persistent dyspnea, SpO2 <95%, acute respiratory failure, unable to eat, shrinking, and needing water replenishment) require inpatient treatment.
Diagnosis is suspected when the infant under 2 years of age is healthy but wheezing is present for the first time. Hyperinflation on x-ray may be suspicious.
Treatments
When treated in hospital, O2 supplies and supplies fluid, and removes foreign matter in the airways. Bronchodilator, corticosteroids, montelukast (LTRB), Nebulized hypertonic saline, and antibacterial therapy are still controversial. We do not recommend using it all in a routine yet. Antiviral agents such as ribavirin can be used in cases of severe respiratory distress due to respiratory therapy or in the presence of other serious diseases.
