Breast cancer: Surgical treatments

Since the diagnosis of breast cancer, surgical treatment is the standard treatment. Modified radical mastectomy, total mastectomy, and breast conservation surgery are available. Modified radical mastectomy is a modified version of the standard radical mastectomy which is widely used for the removal of pectoralis muscle, pectoralis muscle and surrounding tissues with breast tissue. It is classified into patey, scalon, and auchincloss depending on whether pectoralis muscle and pectoral muscle are preserved. Currently, the auchincloss method, which preserves both large and small pelvic muscles, is the most used. In the case of total mastectomy, it does not remove other tissues such as lymph nodes, but it removes only the breast tissue. Therefore, it is called 'total mastectomy with sentinel node biopsy' and 'total mastectomy with axillary node dissection' according to the removal of surrounding lymph node tissue. Finally, breast conservation surgery is performed by removing adjuvant radiotherapy to the outside of the tumor 1-2 cm from the site of cancer. In this case, the absolute contraindication is as follows. Primary tumors can not be completely removed with a narrower scope than mammography, diffuse microcalcification in mammography, margin (+) after partial resection of the breast, postoperative radiotherapy, etc. to be.
Other adjunctive therapies include neoadjuvant, adjuvant chemotherapy, hormone therapy such as tamoxifen and aromatase inhibitor when hormone receptor (+) is used, and radiotherapy to prevent local recurrence.